R&A联合USGA发布世界差点系统
（文章来源：中高协差点系统订阅号）
编者按：2018年2月20日，R&A发布世界差点系统若干特点说明，原文如下：
World Handicap System features announced
世界差点系统若干特点发布
2018年2月20日
The way golfers around the world will calculate their handicaps is set to be transformed by a new system developed by The R&A and the USGA， with key features designed to provide all golfers with a consistent measure of playing ability。
目前全球高尔夫爱好者用于计算差点指数的不同方式将统一被R&A与USGA共同制订的全新世界差点系统取代，新系统的使用将为所有的高尔夫球爱好者衡量自己的打球潜在能力提供一个统一的标准。
The new World Handicap System， to be implemented in 2020， follows an extensive review of systems administered by six existing handicapping authorities： Golf Australia， the Council of National Golf Unions （CONGU） in Great Britain and Ireland， the European Golf Association （EGA）， the South African Golf Association （SAGA）， the Argentine Golf Association （AAG） and the USGA。
全新的世界高尔夫差点系统将在2020年正式公布生效，在公布生效之前，澳大利亚高尔夫协会（Golf Australia）、全国高尔夫联盟委员会（CONGU，Council of National Golf Unions）、欧洲高尔夫协会（EGA，European Golf Association）、南非高尔夫协会（SAGA，South African Golf Association）、阿根廷高尔夫协会（AAG，Argentine Golf Association）以及美国高尔夫协会（USGA）将对新的差点系统进行全面、深度的审核。
Features of the World Handicap System
世界差点系统将遵循以下几点特征
1、Flexibility in formats of play， allowing both competitive and recreational rounds to count for handicap purposes and ensuring a golfer’s handicap is more reflective of potential ability。
球手打球方式更加灵活，新的世界差点系统允许球手提交以对抗或休闲为打球目的而取得的成绩，并以此计算出差点指数，确保差点指数更加准确地反映出每一位球手潜在的打球能力。
2、A recommendation that the number of scores needed to obtain a new handicap be 54 holes from any combination of 18-hole and 9-hole rounds， but with some discretion available for handicapping authorities or National Associations to set a different minimum within their own jurisdiction。
新的世界差点系统建议球手获取新的差点指数需提交54洞的有效成绩，54洞成绩可由有效18成绩与9洞成绩任意组合而成。但各差点机构或各国高尔夫球协会可以在自己的管辖范围内设定不同的最低球洞数。
3、A consistent handicap that is portable from course to course and country to country through worldwide use of the USGA Course and Slope Rating System， already successfully used in more than 80 countries。
新的世界差点系统建立在USGA（美国高尔夫球协会）制订的球场难度值与坡度难度值评定系统之上，支持不同球场与不同国家的切换，USGA差点系统已经成功在全球80多个国家普及和推广。
4、An average-based calculation of a handicap， taken from the best eight out of the last 20 scores and factoring in memory of previous demonstrated ability for better responsiveness and control。
新的世界差点系统基于平均计算原则，按照球手最近20场球中成绩最好的8场计算出差点指数，真实性、可控性更强。
5、A calculation that considers the impact that abnormal course and weather conditions might have on a player’s performance each day。
新的世界差点系统在计算差点指数的过程中，将考虑异常球场及天气状况可能对球手表现造成的影响。
6、Daily handicap revisions， taking account of the course and weather conditions calculation。
每日差点指数更新，系统计算会考虑到异常球场和天气状况。
7、A limit of Net Double Bogey on the maximum hole score （for handicapping purposes only）。
系统计算差点指数时，双柏忌为每洞系统记录的最高杆数。
8、A maximum handicap limit of 54.0， regardless of gender， to encourage more golfers to measure and track their performance to increase their enjoyment of the game。
差点指数的最高限放宽到54.0，不分性别，这是为了鼓励更多的高尔夫爱好者获取差点指数，关注球技变化，享受高尔夫运动带来的乐趣。
Worldwide stakeholder engagement
世界差点系统问卷调查
Quantitative research was conducted in 15 countries around the world， through which 76 percent of the 52，000 respondents voiced their support for a World Handicap System， 22 percent were willing to consider its benefits， and only 2 percent were opposed。 This was followed by a series of focus groups， in which more than 300 golf administrators and golfers from different regions around the world offered extensive feedback on the features of the proposed new system。
针对建立新的世界差点系统，我们在15个国家开展了问卷调查，结果显示：在52000名受访者中，76%持赞同意见，22%持保留意见，2%持反对意见。问卷调查之后，我们又与来自全球不同国家和地区超过300名的高尔夫管理者及球手开展了一系列交流，他们为新的世界差点系统提供了诸多反馈和建议。
This feedback has helped shape the WHS， which has been developed by The R&A and the USGA with support from each handicapping authority as well as the Japan Golf Association and Golf Canada。
上述反馈信息帮助完善了由R&A和USGA开发的全新世界差点系统，同时各差点机构，以及日本高尔夫球协会、加拿大高尔夫球协会也为世界差点系统的开发提供了支持。
A modern and more accessible sport
一项现代化、高参与度的运动
Martin Slumbers， Chief Executive of The R&A， said， “We are working with our partners and National Associations to make golf more modern， more accessible and more enjoyable as a sport and the new World Handicap System represents a huge opportunity in this regard。
R&A执行总裁马丁-斯朗伯斯说：“长久以来我们一直致力于和我们的合作伙伴、各国高尔夫球协会一起，将高尔夫这项运动发展成一项更加现代化、更加具有参与性、更加富有乐趣的运动，相信世界差点系统能够做到这一点。”
“We want to make it more attractive to golfers to obtain a handicap and strip away some of the complexity and variation which can be off-putting for newcomers。 Having a handicap， which is easier to understand and is truly portable around the world， can make golf much more enjoyable and is one of the unique selling points of our sport。”
“我们希望能吸引更多的高尔夫球手获取差点指数，并为新入门的高尔夫爱好者们降低门槛，去繁存简。球手拥有了差点指数，意味着从真正意义上得到全世界各国家和地区的认可，不仅赋予了高尔夫这项运动更多的趣味性，同时也将成为高尔夫运动独一无二的卖点。”
Mike Davis， CEO of the USGA， commented， “For some time， we’ve heard golfers say ‘I’m not good enough to have a handicap，” or ‘I don’t play enough to have a handicap。’ We want to make the right decisions now to encourage a more welcoming and social game。 We’re excited to be taking another important step – along with modernising Golf’s Rules – to provide a pathway into the sport， making golf easier to understand and more approachable and enjoyable for everyone to play。”
美国高尔夫球协会执行总监迈克-戴维斯（Mike Davis）说：“我们不时会听到一些球手说‘我不够优秀，无法拥有差点’或者‘我打的场次不够多，无法拥有差点’。现在我们希望鼓励高尔夫成为一项更受欢迎、更具社交性的运动。值得高兴的是，我们在促进高尔夫规则简化的同时又迈出了重要的一步，那就是为更多的人参与高尔夫运动提供途径，让这项运动更容易理解，更接地气，让每个参与其中的人更能享受它的乐趣。”
Objectives of golf’s World Handicap System
高尔夫世界差点系统的目标
The tenets of the new system focus on three main objectives： to encourage as many golfers as possible to obtain and maintain a handicap； to enable golfers of differing abilities， genders and nationalities to transport their handicap to any course globally and compete on a fair and equitable basis； and to indicate with sufficient accuracy the score a golfer is reasonably capable of achieving on any course around the world， playing under normal conditions。
世界差点系统目标主要有三：鼓励更多的高尔夫球手获得差点指数，并持续使用差点系统；让不同性别、水平、国家的高尔夫球手在世界的任何一座球场都能公平竞技；在全世界的任何一家球场，都可以获得准确的成绩。
Given worldwide alignment towards a single system， all parties will now embark on a two-year transition period targeting implementation in 2020。 When adopted， the World Handicap System will be governed by The R&A and the USGA and administered locally by the six existing authorities and National Associations around the world， with safeguards included to ensure consistency as well as adaptability to differing golf cultures。
鉴于制订的是全球统一的高尔夫差点系统，各方将从今年开启为期两年的系统过渡期，目标于2020年正式实施。届时，世界差点系统将由R&A 和USGA共同主管，并由世界六大差点机构与各国家高尔夫球协会分别运营，以确保系统运营顺利。
The six handicapping authorities represent approximately 15 million golfers in 80 countries who currently maintain a golf handicap。
六大权威差点机构代表目前使用高尔夫差点的80多个国家的1500万高尔夫球手。
Collaboration
合作
The announcement is the latest step in a multi-year collaboration between The R&A and the USGA， handicap authorities and national and regional golf associations around the world to introduce one set of Rules for handicapping， aimed to support modernising， growing and supporting accessibility of the sport。
此次公告的发布是多年以来R&A与USGA长期合作迈出的重要一步，各差点系统机构、不同国家地区的高尔夫球协会共同使用统一的差点标准，将助推高尔夫运动实现现代化、快速发展和更广泛参与度。
（文章来源：中高协差点系统订阅号）
